Process of forming concrete piles.



R,J.BBALL,JR. ESS OF FORMNG CONGRIE PILES. ION FILED APR. 16, 1904. BENBWED JUNE 20, 1908.

PROG

APPLIGAT Patented Nov. 3

' inwardly troni lop to i RCHARD BEALL, JR., OF WASHNGTON, ISTRICT OF COLUMBA.

FRGESS 0F EEMIG CNRETE PILE@ To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, RICHARD J. Beau., il r., a citizen of the United States, residing in the city of Washington, District of Columbia, have invented certain improvements in the Process of Forming Concrete Piles, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to that method of forming piles of concrete or cement which consists in first driving a preparatory pile into the ground, then withdrawing said pre paratory pile, and then illing the opening formed thereby with concrete or cement in luid or plastic i'orrn, which when it becomes set forms the permanent pile.

The object of my invention is to provide kfor driving or withdrawing the preparatory pile with the exercise of much less power than is required when piles of this class,- as heretofore constructed are used.

V In the accompanying drawing: Figure l 1s a sectional view illustrating the method of forminf the opening in the ground by means of t ie preparatory pile in accordance with my invention, and big. 2 is a similar view showing the preparatory pile removed and the opening filled with concrete to form the permanent pile.

For the purpose of forming in the ground openings for the reception of concrete or cement to constitute permanent pile the use of an ordinary wooden or metal prearatory pile of cylindrical form or taper ing inwardly from top to bottom is objectionable, for the reason that the friotional hold ot the earth. upon the sides of the same is such that the pile cannot be driven bcyond a limited distance without the exercise ci destructive force and cannot be withdrawn after being driven without the exercise ol still greater force, ri'ctional hold of the earth upon the pile being now assisted by atmospheric pressure owinghto the fact that the withdrawal oi the pile tends to create a partial vacuum in the opening left thereby. For this reason various forms of collapsible piles have been proposed; but such piles, owing to their sectional character, are necessarily limited in strengthanil, moreover', do not overcome the obiecti n ot' resistance to 'the frictional hold ol' the rth thereupon while they are being; driven en the pile tapers Ltom, e is the same resistance to the iving oi the pile, and the resistance to the withdrar-.tal of the pile is also excessive, because owing to the -Speei'lcation of Lettere Patent. Application ile. April 1S, 1900.-, Serial Tro. Sfl. Eenewed June 20,

Patented Nov. 3,'190.

1908. Serial No. 39,59%

atmospheric pressure the earth is caused to cling lirmly to the pile, so as to increase the dillieulty of starting the pile and retard its movement forisome time after it is started. ln carrying out my invention, therefore, l displace the earth at and near the point of the preparatory pile to a greater extent than the diameter of said pile, thereby freeing the pile, except as to a limited area atand near the point from any material frictional contact with the walls of the opening formed thereby, thus not only 'facilitating the driving of the pile, but also the withdrawalo the same. Such withdrawal is further acilitatecl by ermittin an inflow of air into the space be ow the pile as said pile is withdrawn from the opening, thus reventing the -frictional grip due toA atmosp eric pressure and this ature of my invention ma y adopted even in connection with the ordinar preparatory pile, which it not furnished wit the enlarged point, since such provision materially lessens the diliculty of withdraw- ,ing saidjpreparatory pile from the opening formed thereby.

On reference to Fig. l it will be observed that the .preparatory pile 1 `is in the form of a metal tube, altliough it ma be a solid pile of Wood or metal, 1f desire this 'pile being provided at the top with a suitable driving-head 2 and at the bottom with a point 3, which is of so much greater diameter 'than the pile 1 that there is no likelihood of the latter coming in contact to any material extent with the walls of the opening,` formed by driving the pile. The point is reduced in diameter at the top, so as to provide a shoulder for engagement with the lower end of vthe pile,

and this reduced portion of the point may,'-

if desired, be secured to the lower end of the pile by rivets 4: or other suitable fas# timings, or the pile and its point may be in one piece, if desired. The point 3 has a tapered lower end, and also, by preference, tapers from its portion of greatest diameter inwardly to the shoulder, upon which rests the lower' end ot the pile l, so thatno abrupt shoulders are presented to the earth either in driving the pile. or withdrawing the point. The point 3 is hollow and has an opening therein, which duringr 'the drivingo the pile may be closed at the lower end by a valve opening downwardly, this valve in the present instance consisting of a detachable plug 5, which will be released as soon the withdrawal of the ile is attempted, so as to permit of a ownward passage of tir through the pile and point, thus preventing the t'ormation of a partial vacuum in the opening below the point of the pile, and thereby relievingsaid point f from any fric-tional hold of the walls of the opening thereupon due to atmospheric pressure. Of course it will be understood that in withdrawing the pile that the driv ing-head2 is removed, or other means are yrovided for permitting free ingress of air to the interior of the pile. After the pr'eparatory pile has been withdrawn the openin is filled with 'concrete or cement and the latter is permitted to remain without l disturbance until it becomes set, so as to form the permanent pile G, as shown in A pile' and Figi 2.

' avin thus described .my invention, what I c aim and desire to secure by Letters-Patent, is zl 1.` Themethod of making concrete piles which consistsin providing a' pile with an pening therethrough, driving said pile to place the earth, thenv withdrawing the emitting a iow of air through I @the same lnto the hole below the pile, then lling the hole thus formed with concrete and permitting the same to set, substantially as specified.

' 12, The method of making concrete piles l`ll`-which consists vin providing a pile with an enlarged head and an opening therethrough,

driving said pile to displace the earth, and

- thereby form a'hole larger than the pileu stem, withdrawing the pile and permitting a iiow of air through the same into'the hole beneath the pile, and then filling the. holeI thus formed with concrete and permitting the same to set, substantially as specified.

3. The method of making concrete iles which consists in providing the pile wit an opening therethrough having a detachable tin closure at the point of the pile, driving said pile to displace the earth, withdrawing the pile, without said closure, and 'permitting 'I al flow of air through the pile into the hole below the same, and then filling the hole thus formed'with concrete and permitting the same to set, substantially as specified 4. The method of making concrete` piles 'which consists in providing the pile with an enlarged head and an opening therethrough having a detachable closure at the point of the pile, driving said pile to displace the earth and thereby forming a hole larger than the pile-stem, withdrawing the pile, without the closure, thereby permitting a How of air through the pile into the hole beneath the same, and then filling the hole thus formed with concrete and perthe earth,.and therebyI forming a hole larger than ,the pile-stem, withdrawing the pile, filling the hole with concrete,and permitsaid'concrete to remain without. dis tur ance until it becomes set, substantially as specified.

n testimony whereof I have signed my lname to this specification in' the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

Witnesses: l

EMoRY H. Boonav, H. S. BEALL.

so f

RICHARD J. BEALLJR.r 1 

